Grit, like any other human quality, is shaped by both genetics and life experiences, which means it can grow or diminish over time. This interplay suggests that individual differences in resilience and tenacity stem partly from our unique genetic make-up and partly from our life journeys. While no single gene determines grit, research in genetics shows that many human traits, including grit, are influenced by a combination of multiple genes. Moreover, humans are among the most adaptable species on the planet. We have the unique ability to adjust to different situations based on experience, echoing the saying, “necessity is the mother of adaptation.” Studies indicate that grit isn’t fixed; it evolves with time and experiences.

Interestingly, individuals in their twenties generally show less grit than those in their sixties and seventies. This gap may be attributed to the different cultural contexts each generation grew up in, as well as the cumulative impact of adapting to life’s more challenging circumstances over time. If you feel you lack the level of grit you’d like, it’s essential to ask yourself why. Often, a lack of perseverance stems from specific underlying reasons.

Based on research conducted by author Angela Duckworth at West Point Military Academy—a setting known for testing cadets’ resilience—and further studies on participants in the renowned U.S. Spelling Bee competition, individuals who exemplify grit tend to develop four key traits in this specific order:

  • Interest: Passion is the foundation. It’s hard to build grit if we aren’t genuinely interested in what we do. Those with high levels of grit often find themselves drawn to pursuits they feel passionately about, whether in their careers, hobbies, or personal lives.

  • Discipline to Commit: Following interest comes the discipline to stay committed. True grit involves pushing through monotony, discomfort, and challenge. Without the ability to stay the course and consistently show up, even on difficult days, it’s hard to develop the mental resilience that grit requires.

  • Belief in the Value of Your Work: Commitment is followed by the conviction that the effort is meaningful. People with grit find purpose in what they do. They see their work as valuable and understand how it contributes to their broader life goals or the well-being of others. This sense of purpose fuels their resilience, helping them push through obstacles.

  • Hope: Lastly, hope is a driving force. Hope isn’t mere wishful thinking but rather the optimism and belief that, with effort and perseverance, progress will come. Hope allows us to envision a better outcome even in difficult times, providing the motivation to keep going when things seem bleak.

By actively nurturing these four traits, anyone can strengthen their grit. Passion and interest lay the groundwork; discipline and commitment build resilience; the belief in one’s work brings purpose, and hope fuels the long-term vision for growth. Over time, these elements intertwine to create a resilience that allows us to persist even in the face of significant challenges.

So, if you’re looking to develop more grit, start by asking yourself: What ignites your passion? Can you commit to consistent practice? Do you believe in the importance of your work? And, ultimately, do you have the hope that your efforts will lead to improvement? Building grit is a journey, one that requires dedication, self-reflection, and patience—but it’s worth the effort.